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Related Experiment Videos

Probability, personality, age, and risk taking

W E Hensley

    The Journal of Psychology
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Understanding probability did not change risk-taking behavior in students. However, younger individuals exhibited greater risk-taking tendencies, and independence of judgment predicted initial risk, contrary to prior research.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Decision-making
    • Social Psychology

    Background:

    • The risky shift phenomenon describes the tendency for groups to make riskier decisions than individuals.
    • Previous research suggested personality traits might influence risk-taking behavior.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of probability understanding on the risky shift phenomenon.
    • To examine the relationship between personality variables and risk-taking in college and high school students.
    • To explore the influence of age on risk-taking behavior.

    Main Methods:

    • Participants included male and female college (n=22) and high school (n=18) students.
    • Students received information on probability.
    • Personality variables measured included independence of judgment, response set, Machiavellianism, and open-mindedness.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • The risky shift phenomenon was investigated.

    • Main Results:

    • Understanding probability did not diminish the shift toward greater risk.
    • Age was significantly related to risk-taking, with adolescents showing higher proclivity.
    • Independence of judgment predicted initial risk-taking.
    • Machiavellianism showed no relationship with risk-taking.

    Conclusions:

    • Probability information does not alter the risky shift phenomenon.
    • Adolescent risk-taking is higher than in later age groups.
    • Findings on personality variables contradict previous studies, suggesting contextual interaction may play a role.