Varnish application technique and microleakage of amalgam restorations

Various techniques for applying two types of varnish to control microleakage of Class V amalgam restorations were compared in vitro. The drying time for each layer of varnish with a gentle air spray was varied, including delays in applying the second coat and the placement of the amalgam restoration. Microleakage was recorded by dye penetration. Both varnishes were inefficient at reducing dye penetration at the gingival wall. There were no statistical differences in dye penetration at the gingival wall between the two varnishes, regardless of the method of application, or the presence of varnish. Both varnishes exhibited good sealing properties at the occlusal wall when used according to the manufacturer's instructions, but varnish application was technique-sensitive. Short-cuts in the procedure may increase leakage; too short a drying time of either varnish can cause microleakage similar to the control group without a varnish.