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Extragenital Mycoplasma hominis infections in adults: emphasis on immunosuppression

R D Meyer1, W Clough

  • 1Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048-0750.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|August 1, 1993
PubMed

Insights

Mycoplasma hominis can cause serious infections in adults, particularly in those with weakened immune systems. Early detection through clinical suspicion and specific tests is crucial for effective treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Mycoplasma hominis is a commensal organism with potential pathogenicity in perinatal and neonatal infections.
  • This bacterium also causes nongenitourinary infections in adults, often in specific clinical settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and emphasize recent clinical features of Mycoplasma hominis infections in adults.
  • To identify risk factors and associated conditions for these infections.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical cases of Mycoplasma hominis infection.
  • Classification of infection sites including blood, vascular sites, wounds, CNS, joints, and respiratory tract.
  • Analysis of patient data, focusing on immunosuppression and hypogammaglobulinemia.

Main Results:

  • Infections occurred in various sites, including blood, vascular sites, wounds, CNS, joints, and respiratory tract.
  • A significant proportion of cases (21/31 recent, 32/67 overall) were associated with immunosuppression and/or hypogammaglobulinemia.
  • Mycoplasma hominis infections were linked to suppressed cell-mediated immunity and hypogammaglobulinemia.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical suspicion is vital for diagnosing Mycoplasma hominis infections.
  • Appropriate culture media, gamma-globulin level determination, and specific antibody tests are indicated in relevant clinical scenarios.
  • These infections are associated with underlying immune deficiencies, specifically suppressed cell-mediated immunity and hypogammaglobulinemia.

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