Physico-chemical properties of copper-oxidized high density lipoprotein: a fluorescence study

The modifications of the physico-chemical properties of the high density lipoprotein (HDL) before and after in vitro induced oxidation by copper ions have been studied using the fluorescence polarization (Pf) of the phosphatidylcholine derivative of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH-PC) and of the cationic derivative (TMA-DPH). We have observed that HDL oxidation is associated with a decrease of the molecular order at the lipoprotein surface as demonstrated by the increase in Pf with respect to untreated HDL. Moreover in oxidized HDL the polarity-sensitive probe laurdan has shown a decrease of the polarity in its microenvironment. It has been suggested that a decrease in HDL fluidity would inhibit cholesterol reverse transport from peripheral tissues in form of HDL core cholesteryl esters. Peroxidation of HDL, if occurring in vivo, could contribute to the progress of atherogenesis by decreasing cholesterol efflux from peripheral tissues.