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A cold spot of IDDM incidence in Europe. Macedonia

M Kocova1, M Trucco, M Konstantinova

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania.

Diabetes Care
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

The incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Macedonian children (0-15 years) is the lowest in Europe. Further research is needed to understand the reasons for this low rate.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a significant global health concern in children.
  • Understanding geographical variations in IDDM incidence is crucial for etiological research and public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish the incidence of IDDM in children aged 0-15 years in Macedonia for the first time.
  • To compare these incidence rates with those of neighboring European countries.

Main Methods:

  • A registry was established for children under 15 diagnosed with IDDM between 1985 and 1991.
  • Case ascertainment utilized clinical records from the University Pediatric Clinic in Skopje and insulin supply records from local hospitals.
  • Criteria from the WHO Multinational Project for Childhood Diabetes were applied.

Main Results:

  • A total of 112 children were diagnosed with IDDM in Macedonia during the study period (1985-1991).
  • The age-adjusted IDDM incidence rate was found to be very low at 2.45 per 100,000 children per year.
  • The highest incidence was observed in the 10-15 year age group, with no significant sex difference or temporal trends.

Conclusions:

  • Macedonia exhibits the lowest IDDM incidence in Europe and among the lowest for Caucasian populations.
  • Despite the low incidence, the descriptive epidemiology aligns with high-incidence populations.
  • Further etiological studies are recommended to investigate the factors contributing to the exceptionally low IDDM rates in Macedonia.

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