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Traumatic injuries to permanent incisors

N Zerman1, G Cavalleri

  • 1Dental Clinic, University of Verona, Italy.

Endodontics & Dental Traumatology
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Traumatic dental injuries, particularly to permanent incisors, are common in children aged 6-13. Falls and traffic accidents are leading causes, emphasizing the need for preventive education programs for dental trauma.

Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Oral Surgery
  • Pediatric Dentistry

Background:

  • Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are a significant public health concern, especially among children and adolescents.
  • Permanent incisor injuries are frequent and can have long-term aesthetic and functional consequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the prevalence, distribution, and clinical factors of traumatic injuries to permanent incisors.
  • To identify common causes and types of dental trauma in a young population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 2798 patients aged 6-21 over 5 years.
  • Review of case histories and radiograms of 326 injured incisors from 178 patients.
  • Data collection on patient demographics, injury causes, affected teeth, injury types, and associated soft tissue/alveolar/periodontal ligament trauma.

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Main Results:

  • Overall prevalence of TDIs was 7.3%, with a peak incidence in children aged 6-13 years.
  • Boys (2.7:1 ratio) sustained more injuries than girls, primarily due to falls and traffic accidents.
  • Maxillary central incisors were most affected (80%), with non-complicated crown fractures being the most common injury type. Associated soft tissue injuries occurred in 48% of cases, alveolar fractures in 12%, and periodontal ligament trauma in nearly 40%.

Conclusions:

  • The high prevalence of TDIs in young individuals necessitates targeted preventive education for parents and educators.
  • Standardizing diagnostic and therapeutic protocols is crucial for reliable clinical investigations and improved long-term patient outcomes.