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Related Experiment Videos

Apparent polycythaemia: diagnosis, pathogenesis and management

M Messinezy1, T C Pearson

  • 1Division of Haematology, United Medical School, St Thomas' Hospital, London, U.K.

European Journal of Haematology
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Apparent polycythaemia involves elevated packed cell volume (PCV) without increased red cell mass. Management includes observation or venesection based on PCV levels and vascular risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Clinical Pathology

Background:

  • Apparent polycythaemia is defined by elevated packed cell volume (PCV) but normal red cell mass.
  • A subgroup, relative polycythaemia, exhibits reduced plasma volume.
  • Associated factors include smoking, hypertension, obesity, alcohol, diuretics, and hypoxemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define apparent polycythaemia and its characteristics.
  • To explore associated risk factors and potential pathogenesis.
  • To outline appropriate investigation and management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of patients with elevated PCV and normal red cell mass.
  • Exclusion of other polycythaemic conditions.
  • Assessment of associated clinical factors and plasma volume.

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Main Results:

  • Apparent polycythaemia is characterized by PCV > 0.51 (males) or > 0.48 (females) with normal red cell mass.
  • Pathogenesis is complex and likely heterogeneous, possibly including normal individuals.
  • Vascular occlusive risk is uncertain, particularly at lower PCV values.

Conclusions:

  • Management strategies vary, including venesection for PCV > 0.54 or high vascular risk.
  • Regular observation is recommended for other patients to monitor PCV and potential evolution.
  • Some cases may resolve spontaneously with PCV returning to normal.