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Identification and quantification of complement regulator CD46 on normal human tissues

R W Johnstone1, B E Loveland, I F McKenzie

  • 1Austin Research Institute, Austin Hospital, Victoria, Australia.

Immunology
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Complement regulator CD46 (also known as membrane cofactor protein) is highly expressed on epithelial cells in various human tissues, protecting them from complement-mediated damage. This widespread expression highlights its crucial role in preventing non-specific cell destruction.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Histology

Background:

  • CD46 (membrane cofactor protein) is a cell-surface regulatory molecule.
  • It protects autologous human cells from complement-mediated lysis.
  • CD46 is well-characterized on leukocytes and reproductive cells, and considered ubiquitously expressed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend the analysis of CD46 expression to a variety of different human tissues.
  • To investigate the localization and quantify the expression of CD46 in human tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistology was used to observe CD46 expression on tissue sections.
  • Radioimmunoassay was employed for quantitative tissue expression measurements.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Strong CD46 expression was observed on epithelial cells lining exocrine ducts and glands (salivary gland, pancreas).
  • High expression was also noted on kidney tubules and glomerular epithelium.
  • Quantitative measurements confirmed histological observations.

Conclusions:

  • CD46 is highly expressed on epithelial cells in various human tissues, particularly those in contact with extracellular fluids.
  • This expression is crucial for preventing non-specific complement-mediated destruction of cells.
  • CD46 plays a vital role in innate immunity and tissue protection.