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Related Experiment Videos

Urolithiasis in Dalmations: 275 cases (1981-1990)

L C Case1, G V Ling, A L Ruby

  • 1Department of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Dalmations have a high risk of developing urate urinary stones. Other breeds face a lower risk for stones composed of different minerals. This study analyzed 292 urinary calculi from 275 Dalmatians.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Urology
  • Canine Health

Background:

  • Urinary calculi (stones) are a significant health concern in domestic animals.
  • Dalmations are known for a unique purine metabolism, potentially predisposing them to specific stone types.
  • Understanding the composition and risk factors for urinary stones in Dalmatians is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the mineral composition of urinary calculi in a large cohort of Dalmatians.
  • To identify the prevalence of different stone types and associated minerals.
  • To compare the risk of urate stone formation in Dalmatians versus other breeds.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 292 urinary calculi collected between 1981 and 1990.
  • Mineral content determination using polarized light microscopy.

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  • Identification of secondary minerals and bacteria within calculi.
  • X-ray diffraction and high-pressure liquid chromatography for specific cases.

    • Main Results:

    • 193 calculi were 100% urate; 78 were mixed urate.
    • Struvite (77%) and oxalate (17%) were common secondary minerals in mixed urate calculi.
    • Dalmations showed a high risk for urate-containing calculi but a lower risk for other stone types compared to other breeds.
    • Bacteria were isolated from 45% of calculi, predominantly gram-positive cocci.

    Conclusions:

    • Dalmations have a significantly elevated risk for forming urate urinary calculi.
    • The prevalence of non-urate stones is lower in Dalmatians compared to other dog breeds.
    • Further research into the specific metabolic pathways and preventative strategies for Dalmatians is warranted.