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Related Experiment Videos

Acute renal failure in Kuwait--a prospective study

K el-Reshaid1, M Kapoor, K V Johny

  • 1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait.

The Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|October 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Acute renal failure (ARF) incidence in Kuwait was high, with drugs, sepsis, and volume depletion as primary causes. Despite a 14% overall mortality, elderly patients faced higher sepsis risks, indicating age as a significant ARF factor.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Epidemiology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Acute renal failure (ARF) poses a significant global health challenge.
  • Understanding ARF incidence, causes, and outcomes is crucial for effective management.
  • Previous epidemiological data on ARF in the Middle East region is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the annual incidence of ARF in the State of Kuwait.
  • To identify the primary etiological factors contributing to ARF.
  • To evaluate the overall mortality rate and prognostic factors in ARF patients.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study conducted over 18 months (February 1989 to July 1990).
  • Inclusion of 226 adult patients with ARF from eight multidisciplinary hospitals in Kuwait.

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  • Data collection on patient demographics, ARF causes, treatment (including dialytic support), and outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • The calculated annual incidence of ARF was 14.7 per 100,000 population.
    • The most frequent causes of ARF were drugs, sepsis, and volume depletion.
    • Overall mortality was 14%, with sepsis accounting for 36% of deaths. Patients requiring dialytic support had a 45% mortality rate.
    • Elderly patients (≥60 years) constituted over 40% of ARF cases, indicating old age as a major risk factor. Sepsis mortality was significantly higher in the elderly (60%) compared to younger patients (14.8%).

    Conclusions:

    • ARF incidence in Kuwait is notably higher than previously reported.
    • Sepsis is a major cause of mortality in ARF patients, particularly in the elderly.
    • Age is a significant risk factor for ARF development, and while overall mortality may not differ, sepsis poses a greater threat to older individuals.