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Expected endings and judged duration

M R Jones1, M G Boltz, J M Klein

  • 1Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.

Memory & Cognition
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Listeners perceive duration based on expectations. When auditory patterns end earlier or later than expected, their perceived duration is systematically altered, supporting the expectancy/contrast model.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Auditory Perception
  • Temporal Cognition

Background:

  • The perception of time is influenced by cognitive factors.
  • Expectations and contextual cues play a role in how individuals perceive duration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the predictions of the expectancy/contrast model for judged duration.
  • To investigate how contextual phrasing and temporal contrast affect the perception of auditory durations.

Main Methods:

  • Four experiments were conducted involving auditory pattern perception.
  • Listeners estimated relative durations, rated target tones in varied sequences, and extrapolated temporal sequences.
  • Stimuli included variations in contextual phrasing, temporal contrast, and target tone timing.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • When auditory patterns end earlier or later than expected, they are judged as shorter or longer, respectively.
  • Phrase context and target timing systematically influenced listeners' duration ratings and temporal expectancies.
  • Anticipatory attending and event structure were shown to affect experienced duration.

Conclusions:

  • The expectancy/contrast model effectively explains variations in judged duration.
  • Auditory event structure and anticipatory attending significantly impact the perception of time.
  • Cognitive expectancies are crucial in shaping our experience of duration.