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Chronic renal failure in India

M K Mani1

  • 1Renal Unit, Apollo Hospital, Madras, India.

Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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This study analyzed 2028 chronic renal failure patients, identifying the top seven causes and their progression rates. Chronic glomerulonephritis and focal glomerulosclerosis showed the fastest decline, with rapid progression once serum creatinine reached 177 µmol/L.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic renal failure (CRF) affects a significant patient population.
  • Understanding the etiological spectrum and progression patterns of CRF is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the primary causes of chronic renal failure in a large patient cohort.
  • To investigate the rate of renal function decline associated with common CRF etiologies.
  • To identify factors influencing the progression of kidney disease.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 2028 patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure.
  • Categorization of patients based on the underlying cause of renal failure.
  • Assessment of the rate of decline in renal function for each disease category.

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Main Results:

  • Seven diseases accounted for 95.43% of CRF cases: chronic interstitial nephritis (27.85%), diabetic nephropathy (26.76%), chronic glomerulonephritis (18.20%), benign nephrosclerosis (10.06%), chronic pyelonephritis (7.29%), focal glomerulosclerosis (3.20%), and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (2.07%).
  • Chronic glomerulonephritis and focal glomerulosclerosis exhibited the most rapid progression.
  • Diabetic nephropathy showed a slightly slower but significant decline.
  • A consistent and rapid decline in renal function was observed in nearly all patients once serum creatinine reached 177 µmol/L, indicating end-stage renal disease.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights the dominant role of specific diseases in the etiology of chronic renal failure.
  • Significant variations in disease progression rates were observed among different underlying conditions.
  • The threshold of serum creatinine at 177 µmol/L appears critical for predicting the inevitable progression to end-stage renal disease.