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Eczematous skin reaction from patch testing with aeroallergens in atopic children with and without atopic dermatitis
S Wananukul1, P Huiprasert, P Pongprasit
1Department of Pediatrics, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Insights
Aeroallergens, common environmental triggers, can induce eczematous lesions in children with atopic dermatitis. Patch testing revealed significant reactions to dust mites, cockroaches, and molds, highlighting their role in skin inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Allergy and Immunology
- Dermatology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition.
- The role of aeroallergens in exacerbating atopic dermatitis is increasingly recognized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential of aeroallergens to induce eczematous lesions in children.
- To compare the reactivity of children with and without atopic dermatitis to aeroallergens.
Main Methods:
- Patch testing with five common aeroallergens (housedust, mite, cockroach, mold mix, grass mix) on stripped skin.
- Intradermal skin testing with the same antigens.
- Study included 30 children with atopic dermatitis and 30 controls (2-14 years old).
Main Results:
- 90% of children with atopic dermatitis developed eczematous lesions upon patch testing with aeroallergens.
- Mite and cockroach allergens elicited the highest reaction rates (70%).
- Only 10% of control children showed lesions, a statistically significant difference (P < 10(-6)).
Conclusions:
- Aeroallergens are significant inducers of eczematous lesions in pediatric atopic dermatitis.
- Patch testing is an effective method for identifying aeroallergen-induced skin reactions.
- Findings support the role of environmental allergens in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis.
Abstract:
To determine whether aeroallergens could induce eczematous lesions, 30 patients with atopic dermatitis were studied in comparison with 30 patients with respiratory atopy without atopic dermatitis. All patients were between 2 and 14 years of age. Patch testing with five aeroallergens--housedust, mite, cockroach, mold mix, and grass mix--was done on skin that was stripped by 10 applications of adhesive tape. Intradermal tests with the same antigens were done on the forearm. In 27 (90%) children with atopic dermatitis, patch testing with aeroallergens induced eczematous lesions at one or more sites. Mite, cockroach, house dust, mold mix, and grass mix caused reactions in 21 (70%), 21 (70%), 19 (63%), 15 (50%), and 13 (43%) patients, respectively. Three patients had a dermatitis flare at the antecubital and popliteal fossae during testing. Only three (10%) atopic children without atopic dermatitis had eczematous lesions, which was significantly different from children with atopic dermatitis (P < 10(-6)). Intradermal skin tests in both groups were not significantly different. This study supports previous reports that aeroallergens plays an important role in causing eczematous skin lesions.