Melanoma cells selected for adhesion to laminin peptides have different malignant properties

Laminin is an important promoter of cell-matrix interactions. A number of active laminin domains have been defined by use of synthetic peptides. The Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (YIGSR) sequence on the B1 chain in laminin can decrease tumor growth and metastasis, whereas another sequence containing Ser-Ile-Lys-Val-Ala-Val (SIKVAV) on the A chain can increase tumor growth and metastasis. Here, we selected B16-F10 melanoma cells by adherence or nonadherence to either YIGSR- or SIKVAV-coated dishes and established 3 B16-F10 variants: YIGSR-adherent cells (Y+), YIGSR-nonadherent cells (Y-), and SIKVAV-nonadherent cells (S-). SIKVAV-adherent cells were not selected because most of F10 cells attached to the SIKVAV-coated dish. These cell lines proliferated at the same rate as the parent F10 cells and attached equally to laminin, collagen IV, and fibronectin. Y+ cells produced rapidly growing tumors after s.c. injection and twice as many lung colonies as the parental F10 cells after i.v. injection. In contrast, Y- cells produced more slowly growing tumors after s.c. injection and produced one-third of the lung colonies relative to the parent cells after i.v. injection. S- cells produced slowly growing tumors after s.c. injection and yielded similar numbers but smaller colonies in the lung than the parental B16-F10 cells after i.v. injection. These data suggest that interactions of melanoma cells with the YIGSR site on laminin are probably important for both colony formation in a target organ (lung) and subsequent tumor growth, while the SIKVAV-containing site on laminin may be more important for tumor growth.