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Related Experiment Videos

Apoptosis during luteal regression in cattle

J L Juengel1, H A Garverick, A L Johnson

  • 1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211.

Endocrinology
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, occurs during cattle luteolysis, both spontaneous and PGF2 alpha-induced. However, this cell death process is not evident until after progesterone levels decline.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Veterinary Science

Background:

  • Luteolysis, the regression of the corpus luteum (CL), is a critical event in the estrous cycle of cattle.
  • Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a potential mechanism involved in luteolysis.
  • Understanding the timing of apoptosis relative to luteolysis is crucial for reproductive health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence of apoptosis during spontaneous and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha)-induced luteolysis in cattle.
  • To determine the temporal relationship between the onset of luteolysis and oligonucleosome formation, a marker of apoptosis.

Main Methods:

  • Corpora lutea (CL) were collected from cycling heifers at various stages of the luteal phase or after PGF2 alpha administration.

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  • DNA fragmentation, indicative of apoptosis, was assessed using oligonucleosome formation assays (ethidium bromide staining and 3'-end labeling).
  • Serum progesterone concentrations and CL weight were measured, and histological analysis of luteal tissue was performed.

    • Main Results:

    • Oligonucleosome formation (DNA fragmentation) was detected in CL during spontaneous luteal regression (day 19) but not during the midluteal phase (days 10-15).
    • PGF2 alpha administration induced luteolysis, with significant decreases in progesterone and CL weight observed from 8-48 hours post-injection.
    • Apoptosis, evidenced by oligonucleosome formation, was detected 24-48 hours after PGF2 alpha injection, coinciding with increased luteal cell degeneration, but preceded by a drop in progesterone.

    Conclusions:

    • Apoptosis is a key process during both spontaneous and PGF2 alpha-induced luteolysis in cattle.
    • The onset of detectable apoptosis, marked by oligonucleosome formation, occurs after the initial decrease in serum progesterone concentrations.
    • These findings provide insights into the cellular mechanisms regulating luteal regression in cattle.