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Lymphoblastoid alpha-interferon for chronic hepatitis C: a randomized controlled study

A Castilla1, J Camps-Bansell, M P Civeira

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain.

The American Journal of Gastroenterology
|February 1, 1993
PubMed
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Low-dose lymphoblastoid alpha-interferon (L-IFN) effectively normalized liver enzymes in 80% of chronic hepatitis C patients. Forty percent achieved long-term remission, showing reduced inflammation and fibrosis with L-IFN therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Immunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a significant global health concern.
  • Effective and safe treatment options for CHC are crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose lymphoblastoid alpha-interferon (L-IFN) in patients with CHC.
  • To assess L-IFN's impact on liver enzyme levels, histological activity, and immunological markers.

Main Methods:

  • An open randomized controlled trial involving 40 CHC patients.
  • Patients were randomized into two groups: L-IFN treatment (1.5-4.5 MU/day for 1 year) and no treatment.
  • Assessment included aminotransferase levels, Knodell's histological activity index, procollagen type III peptide, and immunological parameters (CD4/CD8 index, blastogenesis, NK activity).

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Main Results:

  • 80% of L-IFN treated patients (16/20) achieved normal aminotransferase levels, compared to 0.5% in the control group (p < 0.001).
  • Knodell's histological activity index significantly decreased in most treated patients.
  • 40% of treated patients experienced long-standing remission (normal enzymes for over 1.5 years post-treatment).
  • L-IFN treatment improved immunological markers, including CD4/CD8 index, blastogenesis, and NK activity.

Conclusions:

  • Low-dose L-IFN is effective in diminishing inflammatory and fibrogenic activity in CHC patients.
  • A significant proportion of CHC patients treated with L-IFN can achieve long-term remission.
  • Procollagen type III aminoterminal peptide may serve as a reliable marker for monitoring L-IFN therapy response in CHC.