The coronal approach. Anatomic and technical considerations and morbidity

The coronal flap has recently become a preferred approach for the otolaryngologist-head and neck surgeon requiring access to the craniofacial skeleton and orbit. The variety of cases in which it has proven indispensable include craniofacial reconstruction, facial trauma, and tumor resection. This method of exposure has become particularly useful with increased indications for rigid internal fixation and primary bone grafting in the management of complex facial fractures. Our experience is reviewed in terms of indications for and benefits of the coronal approach, with a detailed description of the technique emphasizing anatomic planes and neurovascular structures. Careful attention to the latter should allow prevention of potential complications.