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Related Experiment Videos

Ondansetron

F Roila1, M Tonato, C Basurto

  • 1Medical Oncology Division, Policlinico Hospital, Perugia, Italy.

European Journal of Cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Ondansetron effectively prevents chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, showing better results than metoclopramide and similar efficacy to dexamethasone. This antiemetic is well-tolerated, with mild side effects like headache and constipation.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Ondansetron is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3 antagonist.
  • It is used to prevent chemotherapy-induced emesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of ondansetron in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
  • To compare ondansetron with metoclopramide and dexamethasone.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical trials comparing ondansetron with other antiemetic agents.
  • Assessment of antiemetic efficacy and toxicity profiles.

Main Results:

  • Ondansetron is more active and less toxic than high-dose metoclopramide for cisplatin chemotherapy.
  • Combining ondansetron with dexamethasone significantly increases antiemetic efficacy.

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  • Ondansetron shows superior or equal efficacy to metoclopramide for moderately emetogenic agents, with less toxicity.
  • Ondansetron's role in delayed emesis prevention requires further definition.

    • Conclusions:

    • Ondansetron, particularly combined with dexamethasone, is a highly effective and well-tolerated antiemetic for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
    • It offers a favorable alternative to metoclopramide and can be used when steroids fail.
    • Mild side effects such as headache and constipation are most common.