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The Malmo Diet and Cancer Study. Design and feasibility
G Berglund1, S Elmstähl, L Janzon
1Department of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö General Hospital, Sweden.
Journal of Internal Medicine
|January 1, 1993
Summary
The Malmö Diet and Cancer study investigates how diet, lifestyle, and genetics impact cancer risk in adults. It aims to identify cancer predictors and precursors through extensive data collection and biological sample analysis.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Nutritional Science
- Oncology
Background:
- The Malmö Diet and Cancer study is a large-scale, prospective, case-control investigation.
- It involves 53,000 individuals aged 45-64 in Malmö, Sweden.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if a Western diet is linked to specific cancers, considering lifestyle factors.
- To explore the roles of oxidative stress and DNA repair in diet-related cancer development.
- To serve as a resource for testing new scientific hypotheses.
Main Methods:
- Initial data collection includes diet, heredity, socio-economic status, lifestyle, occupation, medical history, and medications.
- A biological bank stores lymphocytes, granulocytes, erythrocytes, plasma/serum, and tumor specimens.
- Cancer incidence and mortality are tracked for 10 years using national registries.
Main Results:
- Comparison of cancer cases with control subjects based on initial examination data.
- Development of a biomarker program using the biological bank to find cancer predictors/precursors.
Conclusions:
- The study aims for high participation (>70%) and a high-quality biological bank for project success.
- Initial experiences suggest the project goals are achievable.
- Findings will contribute to understanding diet, lifestyle, and genetic influences on cancer.