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Effectiveness of elastic stocking decompression

E F Byars, G R Hopkins, T J Tarnay

    Archives of Surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
    |March 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Compression stockings often exceed recommended pressure levels, with some brands causing tourniquet effects and failing to maintain a proper pressure gradient. Variations in leg shape also significantly impact compression effectiveness and consistency.

    Area of Science:

    • Vascular Medicine
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Textile Science

    Background:

    • Antiembolism stockings are crucial for preventing deep vein thrombosis.
    • Proper graduated compression is essential for their clinical effectiveness.
    • Previous studies established pressure gradient criteria for effective stockings.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the compression effectiveness of leading antiembolism stocking brands.
    • To compare measured pressures against established clinical criteria.
    • To identify variations in pressure distribution and reproducibility.

    Main Methods:

    • Compression pressures of five leading antiembolism stocking brands were tested.
    • A standard industry leg form with integrated pressure sensors was utilized.

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  • Pressure gradients were measured from ankle to thigh.

    • Main Results:

    • All tested stockings exceeded recommended pressure levels, some significantly.
    • Two brands exhibited tourniquet effects at the calf.
    • Several brands failed to maintain a diminishing pressure gradient above the knee.
    • Leg diameter variations substantially altered compression pressures.
    • Reproducibility varied considerably among brands.

    Conclusions:

    • Many leading antiembolism stockings do not meet optimal compression standards.
    • Clinical effectiveness may be compromised by excessive pressure, tourniquet effects, and inconsistent gradients.
    • Stocking performance is sensitive to leg geometry and brand variability.