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Formation and composition of the peritrophic membrane in the sand fly, Phlebotomus perniciosus (Diptera: Psychodidae)

L L Walters1, K P Irons, H Guzman

  • 1Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbank 99775.

Journal of Medical Entomology
|January 1, 1993
PubMed

Insights

The sand fly peritrophic membrane is composed of chitin and protein, forming a complex structure essential for digestion. Its composition and morphology change after feeding, revealing insights into sand fly gut function.

Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Gastrointestinal Physiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The peritrophic membrane is a dynamic layer lining the midgut of insects, crucial for protection and digestion.
  • Understanding its formation and composition is vital for insect physiology and vector control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the secretion, morphology, and chemical makeup of the peritrophic membrane in the sand fly, Phlebotomus perniciosus.
  • To elucidate the temporal changes in membrane composition post-feeding.

Main Methods:

  • Light and electron microscopy to observe membrane morphology.
  • Histochemistry and amino acid analysis to determine chemical composition.
  • Binding assays using succinylated wheat germ agglutinin.

Main Results:

  • The peritrophic membrane is secreted by the entire midgut epithelium, with chitin and protein components appearing at different time points post-feeding.
  • Mature membranes exhibit distinct morphological features, including an anterior cap and posterior ring.
  • Ultrastructural analysis revealed variability, with differentiated membranes showing complex layering and fibrous components.
  • Chemical analysis confirmed the presence of chitin, glycoprotein, and protein, with specific amino acids potentially involved in cross-linking.

Conclusions:

  • The peritrophic membrane of Phlebotomus perniciosus is a composite structure of chitin and proteins/glycoproteins.
  • Its formation and differentiation are dynamic processes influenced by feeding.
  • Key amino acids like aspartic/glutamic acids, serine, glycine, and lysine play a significant role in membrane structure and function.

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