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Posterior mediastinal masses

N C Saenz1, J J Schnitzer, A E Eraklis

  • 1Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115.

Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|February 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Posterior mediastinal masses in children are often neurogenic tumors like neuroblastoma. Early diagnosis in the first year of life significantly improves survival rates for these pediatric masses.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Posterior mediastinal masses are common in children, frequently originating from neurogenic tumors.
  • Neuroblastoma is the most prevalent type, accounting for a significant portion of these pediatric masses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical presentation, origin, and outcomes of posterior mediastinal masses in pediatric patients.
  • To evaluate the survival patterns and prognostic factors, particularly for neuroblastoma.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 63 pediatric patients with posterior mediastinal masses diagnosed between 1972 and 1989.
  • Analysis of tumor origin, presenting symptoms, diagnostic imaging (chest roentgenograms, CT, MRI), and patient follow-up data.

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Main Results:

  • 89% of masses were neurogenic, with neuroblastoma being the most common. 60% of all masses were malignant.
  • 84% of patients were alive and disease-free at a median follow-up of 45 months.
  • Patients with neuroblastoma diagnosed within the first year of life showed significantly better survival.

Conclusions:

  • Posterior mediastinal masses in children are predominantly neurogenic, with neuroblastoma being a key diagnosis.
  • Early detection and diagnosis, especially within the first year of life, are critical for improving outcomes in pediatric neuroblastoma.
  • Comprehensive imaging, including CT or MRI, is essential for preoperative evaluation of these masses.