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Microbial keratitis in childhood

O A Cruz1, S M Sabir, H Capo

  • 1Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida 33101-6880.

Ophthalmology
|February 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Childhood microbial keratitis is often linked to trauma or prior eye surgery, unlike adult cases. Early identification of these risk factors is crucial for prompt treatment in pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Microbial keratitis is uncommon in children, with trauma and pre-existing corneal disease as primary risk factors.
  • Age-related risk factors prevalent in adults are less significant in pediatric cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and differentiate risk factors for nonviral microbial keratitis in children compared to adults.
  • To aid in the early recognition and treatment of microbial keratitis in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 51 eyes with ulcerative keratitis in 50 children (<16 years) treated between 1980 and 1991.
  • Inclusion criterion: discharge diagnosis of microbial (nonviral) keratitis.

Main Results:

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  • Key risk factors included trauma (44%), prior corneal surgery (24%), systemic illness (14%), and contact lens wear (12%).
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and fungi were common pathogens; 14% of eyes required surgery.
  • Systemic illness or immunocompromise was noted in 47% of children under 3 years.

Conclusions:

  • This study highlights distinct risk factors for childhood nonviral microbial keratitis.
  • Understanding these pediatric-specific factors is essential for timely diagnosis and intervention.