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Related Experiment Videos

Pneumothorax in patients with AIDS

R J Coker1, F Moss, B Peters

  • 1Department of Genitourinary Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Paddington, London, U.K.

Respiratory Medicine
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Pneumothorax is linked to current and past Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in AIDS patients. Aerosolized pentamidine did not increase pneumothorax risk, but early pleurodesis is advised due to high bilateral rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a significant opportunistic infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
  • Pneumothorax is a known complication of PCP, but its association with prior PCP and prophylactic treatments requires further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and pneumothorax in hospitalized patients.
  • To evaluate the role of previous PCP episodes and aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis in the development of pneumothorax.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 87 inpatients treated for 93 episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) between January 1989 and December 1990.
  • Review of 16 pneumothorax episodes in 10 patients, excluding procedure-related cases.

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  • Analysis of patient history, concurrent conditions, and prophylactic treatments.

    • Main Results:

    • Pneumothorax occurred in 16 episodes unrelated to procedures.
    • Fifty percent of pneumothoraces occurred concurrently with PCP, and 83% of patients had a history of PCP.
    • Bilateral pneumothorax occurred in 42% of cases; aerosolized pentamidine use was not associated with pneumothorax.

    Conclusions:

    • Pneumothorax is associated with both current and previous episodes of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP).
    • Aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis does not appear to increase the risk of pneumothorax.
    • Clinicians should suspect pneumothorax in deteriorating PCP patients, considering early pleurodesis due to the high incidence of bilateral cases.