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Spirometric alterations in patients with reduced renal function

R Tkácová1, I Tkác, J Podracký

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Kosice, Czecho-Slovakia.

Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Reduced kidney function, indicated by glomerular filtration rate (GFR), is linked to impaired lung function, specifically small airways dysfunction. This dysfunction is progressive, affecting patients even with moderate GFR reduction.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Nephrology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Reduced renal function is common and can affect multiple organ systems.
  • Pulmonary complications in patients with chronic kidney disease are increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and spirometric parameters in patients with reduced renal function.
  • To assess the prevalence of small airways dysfunction in relation to GFR levels.

Main Methods:

  • Spirometry was performed on 49 patients with reduced renal function, categorized by GFR (< 0.2 ml s-1 vs. >= 0.2 ml s-1).
  • Statistical analysis, including multiple stepwise regression, was used to identify correlations between ventilatory parameters and clinical variables.

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Main Results:

  • Patients with end-stage renal failure (GFR < 0.2 ml s-1) showed significantly lower FEV1 and FEF25-75.
  • Small airways dysfunction was observed in 80% of patients with GFR < 0.2 ml s-1 and 31% with GFR >= 0.2 ml s-1.
  • Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and total protein levels were the primary predictors of FEV1 and FEF25.

Conclusions:

  • Impairment of spirometric function in renal insufficiency is a continuous process correlated with GFR reduction.
  • Small airways dysfunction is prevalent in patients with reduced renal function, including those with moderate GFR reduction, not just end-stage renal failure.