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Thyrotropin receptor in non-thyroid tissues

T Endo1, M Ohno, S Kotani

  • 1Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Yamanashi Medical School, Japan.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|February 15, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R) protein, previously considered thyroid-specific, was found in rat retro-orbital and adipose tissues. This discovery suggests TSH-R expression extends beyond the thyroid gland.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R) is the primary target of autoantibodies in Graves' disease.
  • TSH-R has historically been regarded as a thyroid-specific protein.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and expression of TSH-R in non-thyroidal tissues.
  • To determine if TSH-R protein is translated in tissues other than the thyroid.

Main Methods:

  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to obtain TSH-R cDNA fragments from rat retro-orbital and adipose tissues.
  • Nucleotide sequencing confirmed the identity of TSH-R cDNA from non-thyroidal tissues.
  • Western blot analysis using a TSH-R peptide antibody was performed on tissue extracts.

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Main Results:

  • Identical TSH-R cDNA sequences were obtained from both thyroid and non-thyroidal (retro-orbital, adipose) rat tissues.
  • A 104 kDa protein, recognized by the TSH-R peptide antibody, was detected in retro-orbital and adipose tissues.
  • The detected protein band was absent when the antibody was pre-absorbed with the peptide, confirming specificity.

Conclusions:

  • The messenger RNA for TSH-R is translated into functional TSH-R protein in rat retro-orbital and adipose tissues.
  • TSH-R expression is not limited to the thyroid gland, challenging previous assumptions.
  • This finding has implications for understanding the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases like Graves' disease.