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Drowning deaths in people with epilepsy
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta Hospitals, University of Alberta, Edmonton.
Summary
Seizures caused 5% of drowning deaths, often during unsupervised baths. Improving seizure control and medication adherence can prevent these deaths.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Public Health
- Forensic Medicine
Background:
- Epilepsy is a neurological disorder associated with an increased risk of premature death.
- Drowning is a significant cause of accidental death worldwide.
- Understanding risk factors for drowning in individuals with epilepsy is crucial for prevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify demographic characteristics and risk factors for drowning deaths in people with epilepsy.
- To analyze the circumstances surrounding seizure-related drownings.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical examiner investigations of drowning deaths in Alberta from 1981 to 1990.
- Analysis of personal data, medical history, death circumstances, autopsy findings, and toxicology.
Main Results:
- Of 482 drowning deaths, 25 (5%) were seizure-related.
- Most seizure-related drownings (60%) occurred during unsupervised bathing.
- Subtherapeutic anticonvulsant drug levels were found in 83% of individuals on therapy.
Conclusions:
- Seizure-related drownings are a preventable subset of drowning incidents.
- Enhanced seizure management and improved anticonvulsant medication compliance are recommended.
- Safety measures, including showering instead of bathing and wearing personal flotation devices, are advised for individuals with epilepsy.