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AgSK1, a novel carcinoma associated antigen
1Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center-Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02908.
Cancer Research
|March 1, 1993
Summary
A novel human monoclonal antibody (HuMAb) SK1 specifically targets a new carcinoma-associated antigen (AgSK1). This antibody shows promise as a valuable tumor marker for diagnosing and treating various human cancers.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Monoclonal antibodies are crucial tools in cancer research and diagnostics.
- Identifying novel tumor-associated antigens can lead to improved cancer detection and treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To generate and characterize a human monoclonal antibody (HuMAb) with specific reactivity to human carcinoma.
- To investigate the potential of the identified antigen as a tumor marker.
Main Methods:
- Generation of HuMAb SK1 from colon cancer patient lymphocytes fused with a B-lymphoblastoid cell line.
- Screening antibody reactivity using cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunocytochemical staining.
- Biochemical characterization of the target antigen (AgSK1) and competitive inhibition assays.
Main Results:
- HuMAb SK1 demonstrated strong reactivity with 11 human carcinoma cell lines, but not with non-carcinoma cell lines.
- Immunoperoxidase staining confirmed preferential reactivity with malignant tissues, particularly colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, and lung cancers.
- Biochemical analysis identified AgSK1 as a 42,000 M(r) sialoglycoprotein (pI ~5.9) distinct from known tumor markers like CEA, CA 19-9, and TAG 72.
Conclusions:
- HuMAb SK1 recognizes a novel carcinoma-associated antigen, AgSK1.
- AgSK1 shows potential as a specific and useful tumor marker for cancer diagnosis and therapeutic applications.