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Human skeletal muscle function: description of tests and normal values

R H Edwards, A Young, G P Hosking

    Clinical Science and Molecular Medicine
    |March 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Maximal voluntary contraction force in the quadriceps muscle correlates with body weight in healthy individuals. Muscle function, assessed via force-frequency curves and stimulation, shows similarities between the quadriceps and adductor pollicis.

    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Biomechanics
    • Neuromuscular Function

    Background:

    • Understanding muscle force production is crucial for assessing neuromuscular health and function.
    • Isometric contractions provide a standardized method for evaluating muscle strength.
    • Comparative studies of different muscle groups can reveal fundamental physiological principles.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the force-generating capacity of the quadriceps muscle during maximal voluntary contractions and electrical stimulation.
    • To characterize the functional properties of the quadriceps muscle, including its force-frequency relationship and relaxation dynamics.
    • To compare the functional characteristics of the quadriceps femoris with the adductor pollicis muscle.

    Main Methods:

    • Isometric contractions of the quadriceps muscle were measured during maximal voluntary efforts and transcutaneous electrical stimulation.

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  • Force-frequency curves, relaxation speed, and force decline rates during sustained stimulation (30 Hz and 100 Hz) were analyzed.
  • Electrophysiological stimulation via the ulnar nerve was used to assess the adductor pollicis muscle.

    • Main Results:

    • Quadriceps voluntary contraction force demonstrated a direct proportionality to body weight in children and adults.
    • The force-frequency relationship, relaxation speed, and force loss patterns were determined for the quadriceps.
    • Functional characteristics of the adductor pollicis, when stimulated via the ulnar nerve, were found to be similar to those of the quadriceps.

    Conclusions:

    • Quadriceps muscle force production during maximal voluntary contractions is scalable with body weight.
    • The quadriceps and adductor pollicis exhibit comparable functional properties under specific stimulation conditions.
    • Complementary investigation of quadriceps (biopsy) and adductor pollicis (electrophysiology) offers a comprehensive approach to muscle function analysis.