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Apolipoprotein A-I Milano: sex-related differences in the concentration and composition of apoA-I- and

E D Bekaert1, P Alaupovic, C S Knight-Gibson

  • 1Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation,* Oklahoma City 73104.

Journal of Lipid Research
|January 1, 1993
PubMed

Insights

The apolipoprotein A-I Milano (A-IM) mutant alters lipoprotein profiles, causing hypertriglyceridemia and reduced HDL in carriers. Sex differences exist in lipoprotein levels, with females showing distinct patterns compared to males.

Area of Science:

  • Lipid metabolism
  • Cardiovascular genetics
  • Human genetics

Background:

  • The apolipoprotein A-IMilano (A-IM) mutant of apoA-I is associated with a unique dyslipoproteinemic syndrome.
  • This syndrome is characterized by hypertriglyceridemia, increased VLDL, elevated LDL, and reduced HDL levels.
  • Despite these lipid abnormalities, carriers often show an absence of coronary artery disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the concentration and composition of apoA- and apoB-containing lipoprotein families in A-IM carriers.
  • To understand the dyslipoproteinemic syndrome associated with the A-IM mutant.
  • To identify potential sex-related differences in lipoprotein profiles among carriers.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of lipoprotein families (LP-A-I, LP-A-I:A-II, LP-A-II, LP-B, and various triglyceride-rich LP-B complexes) in eight male and four female A-IM carriers and controls.
  • Comparative analysis of lipoprotein profiles between carriers and controls.
  • Assessment of sex-specific differences in lipoprotein concentrations.

Main Results:

  • A-IM carriers exhibited significantly reduced levels of LP-A-I, LP-A-I:A-II, and LP-A-II.
  • Carriers showed significantly increased levels of cholesterol-rich LP-B and triglyceride-rich LP-B:C, LP-B:C:E, and LP-A-II:B:C:D:E particles.
  • Significant sex-related differences were observed, with female carriers having higher LP-A-I and LP-A-I:A-II but lower LP-B concentrations than male carriers.

Conclusions:

  • The A-IM mutant selectively alters lipoprotein profiles, distinct from general HDL reduction.
  • Increased levels of inefficient LP-A-II:B:C:D:E particles and defective LP-A-I:A-II particles may contribute to hypertriglyceridemia.
  • Sex-specific lipoprotein profiles in A-IM carriers warrant further investigation regarding cardiovascular implications.

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