Insomnia in neurological diseases

Sleep disturbance, common in many neurological diseases, can be caused by underlying CNS pathology, altered motor system function, associated cognitive and psychiatric disorders, secondary effects of the disease such as pain and immobility, and medication effects. Nocturnal behavioral disturbances are a major contributor to institutionalization of such patients, and respiratory abnormalities of sleep can be life-threatening. Rational approach to diagnosis and treatment can lead to significant improvements in many such patients.