Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 24, 2026

Interventional Diagnostic Procedure: A Practical Guide for the Assessment of Coronary Vascular Function
10:28

Interventional Diagnostic Procedure: A Practical Guide for the Assessment of Coronary Vascular Function

Published on: March 15, 2022

Effects of an ionic versus a nonionic low osmolar contrast agent on the thrombotic complications of coronary

J H Piessens1, F Stammen, M C Vrolix

  • 1Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium.

Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis
|February 1, 1993
PubMed

Insights

Ionic contrast agents are safer for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) procedures. Studies show ionic agents like ioxaglate lead to fewer in-laboratory thrombotic events compared to nonionic agents such as iohexol.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Radiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Nonionic contrast agents may increase thrombotic complication risk.
  • This risk is critical in percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare thrombotic complications between ionic and nonionic contrast agents during PTCA.
  • To determine the preferred contrast agent for PTCA procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective randomized trial of 500 patients undergoing PTCA.
  • Comparison of low osmolality ionic ioxaglate versus nonionic iohexol.
  • Multivariate analysis to identify predictors of rethrombosis.

Main Results:

  • Significantly fewer in-laboratory thrombotic events with ioxaglate (8) vs. iohexol (18; P < 0.05).
  • No significant difference in out-of-laboratory acute rethrombotic events.
  • Nonionic agent use independently predicted in-laboratory rethrombosis.

Conclusions:

  • Ionic contrast agents are preferred over nonionic agents for PTCA.
  • Ioxaglate demonstrates a favorable safety profile in PTCA compared to iohexol.
  • Reducing in-laboratory thrombosis is crucial for PTCA outcomes.

Related Concept Videos

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
Antianginal Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers and Ranolazine01:25

Antianginal Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers and Ranolazine

Angina pectoris, a primary symptom of ischemic heart disease, requires careful pharmacological interventions. In this context, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and ranolazine have emerged as crucial pharmacotherapeutic agents, providing deep insights into the complexities of angina management.
CCBs, a diverse class that includes dihydropyridines (nifedipine) and diphenylalkylamines (verapamil and diltiazem), exert their effect by blocking calcium channels in cardiac and smooth muscle cells. This...
Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence01:22

Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Stability-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence

Generic intravenous (IV) drugs are considered bioequivalent to their branded counterparts due to their 100% bioavailability upon administration. However, variations in stability among different drug products can significantly influence their therapeutic performance, even if they are pharmaceutically equivalent.Cefuroxime, a prophylactic antimicrobial, is often used as a single-dose IV injection for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. A 3 g dose typically provides...
Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview

Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management01:26

Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management

Nursing responsibilities before cardiac catheterization include:Assess for allergies and establish baseline health status.Before cardiac catheterization, assess the patient for allergies to contrast dye. Perform a comprehensive baseline assessment, including vital signs, heart and breath sounds, and a neurovascular assessment of the extremities, noting distal pulses, skin color, and temperature. Instruct the patient to fast for 8-12 hours before the procedure. Evaluate baseline laboratory...
Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care01:28

Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care

IntroductionThe management of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) aims to minimize myocardial damage, preserve myocardial function, and prevent complications.Initial ManagementInpatient management involves continuous cardiac monitoring, preferably in an ICU, focusing on blood pressure, serum sodium, potassium, and creatinine levels, and urine output. Ongoing pharmacologic management is crucial for stabilizing the patient.Supplemental Oxygen: Administer supplemental oxygen if oxygen saturation is...