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Antioxidant enzyme response to exercise and aging

L L Ji1

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|February 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Aging and exercise significantly alter antioxidant enzyme systems in rats. While some enzymes decline with age, others increase, suggesting both factors may induce oxidative stress.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Antioxidant enzymes protect cells from oxidative damage caused by free radicals.
  • Cellular defense mechanisms are crucial for maintaining health during aging and in response to physical activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of aging and exercise on antioxidant enzyme systems in rats.
  • To understand how hepatic, myocardial, and skeletal muscle antioxidant enzymes respond to aging, acute exercise, and chronic exercise training.

Main Methods:

  • Investigations were conducted using rats as experimental models.
  • Activity levels of various antioxidant enzymes were measured in different tissues (liver, heart, skeletal muscle).
  • Comparisons were made between young and old rats, and between sedentary and exercised groups.

Main Results:

  • Aging led to a decline in hepatic and myocardial antioxidant enzymes but increased glutathione-related and mitochondrial enzymes.
  • Skeletal muscle antioxidant enzymes showed uniform elevation with aging.
  • Acute exercise increased certain antioxidant enzymes, while exercise training primarily enhanced skeletal muscle enzymes, notably glutathione peroxidase.

Conclusions:

  • Both aging and exercise induce significant alterations in antioxidant enzyme systems.
  • These changes suggest that aging and exercise may impose an oxidative stress on the body.
  • Adaptive responses in skeletal muscle antioxidant enzymes highlight tissue-specific effects of exercise.

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