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Related Experiment Videos

Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex: evaluation with CT

T E Hartman1, S J Swensen, D E Williams

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.

Radiology
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Computed tomography (CT) reveals distinct patterns for pulmonary Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) complex. Older women without immunocompromise often show small nodular infiltrates and bronchiectasis, suggesting a unique patient subtype.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Pulmonary Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) complex infections are increasingly reported.
  • Computed tomographic (CT) findings in pulmonary MAI complex are less frequently documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the CT imaging features of pulmonary MAI complex.
  • To identify potential patient subgroups based on CT findings.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of chest CT examinations.
  • Analysis of CT findings in 62 patients with positive MAI cultures within one month of CT.

Main Results:

  • 60 patients had infiltrates (39 with nodular variety), and 40 had bronchiectasis.

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  • All 35 patients with small nodular infiltrates also had bronchiectasis; these patients were predominantly older women (83%) without malignancy or immunocompromise.
  • In contrast, patients without small nodular infiltrates and bronchiectasis (27 patients) frequently had underlying malignancy or immunocompromise (25 patients).
  • Conclusions:

    • A distinct subtype of pulmonary MAI complex may exist, characterized by small nodular infiltrates and bronchiectasis on CT.
    • This subtype appears common in older women without underlying malignancy or immunocompromise.
    • CT imaging can aid in differentiating patient groups within pulmonary MAI complex infections.