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Piritrexim-induced pulmonary toxicity

R de Wit1, J Verweij, R Slingerland

  • 1Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam Cancer Institute, Dr. Daniel den Hoed Kliniek, The Netherlands.

American Journal of Clinical Oncology
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Piritrexim, a chemotherapy drug, may cause lung problems in patients with kidney cancer. Stopping the drug led to full recovery, suggesting piritrexim-induced pulmonary toxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pulmonology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis is a rare malignancy.
  • Chemotherapy is a standard treatment for advanced renal pelvis cancer.
  • Piritrexim is a methotrexate analog used in cancer treatment.

Observation:

  • A patient undergoing chemotherapy with piritrexim experienced respiratory dysfunction.
  • The patient presented with an abnormal chest x-ray showing diffuse interstitial opacities.
  • These symptoms developed during piritrexim treatment.

Findings:

  • Discontinuation of piritrexim led to complete resolution of respiratory symptoms.
  • Radiographic abnormalities also resolved completely after drug cessation.
  • The clinical and radiographic improvements strongly suggest piritrexim-induced pulmonary toxicity.

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Implications:

  • Piritrexim may cause significant pulmonary toxicity in patients with transitional cell carcinoma.
  • Clinicians should monitor for respiratory symptoms in patients treated with piritrexim.
  • Early recognition and drug discontinuation can lead to favorable outcomes in piritrexim-induced lung injury.