Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 14, 2026
08:40
Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model
Published on: June 23, 2015
Urinary tract infections and the uncircumcised state: an update
1Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307-5001.
Clinical Pediatrics
|March 1, 1993
Summary
Male infants who are not circumcised have a significantly higher risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study found uncircumcised boys had a 10-fold greater incidence of UTIs compared to circumcised boys.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Urology
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Background:
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in infants.
- The role of circumcision in UTI prevention is a subject of ongoing research.
- Understanding risk factors for infant UTIs is crucial for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between circumcision status and the occurrence of UTIs in male infants.
- To analyze the incidence of UTIs in relation to circumcision rates over time.
- To synthesize existing evidence on circumcision and UTI risk through meta-analysis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of UTI hospitalizations in 209,399 infants born in US Army hospitals (1985-1990).
- Analysis of UTI incidence in circumcised versus uncircumcised male infants.
- Meta-analysis of nine previous studies on circumcision and pediatric UTIs.
Main Results:
- Uncircumcised male infants had a 10-fold higher incidence of UTIs than circumcised infants.
- Circumcision rates increased from 70.3% to 80.2% during the study period.
- Meta-analysis revealed a combined 12-fold increased risk of UTIs in uncircumcised boys, with individual studies showing a 5- to 89-fold increase.
Conclusions:
- Male infant circumcision is associated with a significantly lower risk of urinary tract infections.
- Informed consent counseling should include information on the reduced UTI risk for circumcised boys.
- The findings support the protective effect of circumcision against UTIs in male infants.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History
The genitourinary system is critical to maintaining fluid balance, waste elimination, and reproductive function. Nurses play a vital role in assessing this system, beginning with a thorough health history. This process involves gathering patient information, identifying risk factors, and recognizing symptoms of genitourinary disorders. Early detection is vital for timely interventions and management.1. Gathering Patient InformationA complete health history includes the patient’s personal,...
01:26Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...
01:25Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
01:30Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
01:17Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management
In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs like...
01:28Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
The human urogenital system, once thought to be sterile in healthy individuals, is now recognized as a complex microbial habitat. Advancements in molecular sequencing techniques have revealed that even in healthy adults, the kidneys and bladder harbor microbial populations similar to those found in the distal urethra, albeit in much lower abundance. These resident microorganisms, while generally innocuous, can become opportunistic pathogens under conditions that alter the urogenital...