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Feeding the low birth weight infant

S J Gross¹, T A Slagle

¹Division of Neonatology, SUNY Health Science Center, Syracuse.

Clinics in Perinatology

|March 1, 1993

Summary

Assessing preterm infant nutrition is evolving beyond growth metrics to consider lifelong outcomes. This necessitates re-evaluating feeding strategies, including human milk, donor milk, and specialized formulas, for optimal infant nutrition.

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Area of Science:

Neonatal nutrition
Pediatric gastroenterology
Infant development

Background:

Current nutritional assessment for preterm infants lacks a definitive "gold standard."
Focus is shifting from short-term growth to broader, potentially lifelong outcomes.
The role of maternal milk, donor milk, and specialized formulas is under ongoing debate.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the evolving landscape of nutritional assessment and feeding strategies for preterm infants.
To address controversies surrounding optimal feeding methods and nutrient sources.
To advocate for a more holistic approach to preterm infant nutrition.

Main Methods:

Review of current nutritional end points and feeding practices.
Discussion of emerging evidence on human milk, donor milk, and infant formulas.
Analysis of different enteral and parenteral feeding strategies.
Consideration of nonnutritive sucking and its potential benefits.

Main Results:

Traditional growth metrics are insufficient for assessing preterm infant nutritional outcomes.
Feeding strategies are shifting towards earlier enteral nutrition with parenteral support.
Evidence is needed to guide decisions on methods like continuous vs. bolus feeding.
The optimal timing and method for initiating feeding require further investigation.

Conclusions:

The definition of optimal preterm infant nutrition is expanding.
Feeding strategies must be individualized, considering factors beyond caloric intake.
Further research is crucial to resolve feeding controversies and inform clinical practice.
A comprehensive, evidence-based approach is needed to optimize infant nutrition.

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