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Perimenopausal increase in serum cholesterol: a 10-year longitudinal study

E C van Beresteijn1, J C Korevaar, P C Huijbregts

  • 1Department of Nutrition, Netherlands Institute for Dairy Research, NIZO, Ede.

American Journal of Epidemiology
|February 15, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Menopause significantly increases serum total cholesterol by 19% over an 8-year period. Increasing intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids can help mitigate this menopausal cholesterol rise.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Menopause's impact on age-related cholesterol increase is unclear.
  • Cross-sectional studies suggest a significant role, while short-term longitudinal studies show minimal changes around menopause.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal changes in serum total cholesterol during and after menopause.
  • To assess the influence of dietary fat intake on these cholesterol changes.

Main Methods:

  • A 10-year follow-up study of 167 healthy perimenopausal women (aged 49-56).
  • Annual measurements of serum total cholesterol and dietary intake.
  • Analysis of three menopausal cohorts: pre- (2 years before), early post- (2 years after), and late postmenopausal (6 years after menopause).

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Main Results:

  • Serum total cholesterol increased by at least 1.1 mmol/liter (19%) from 2 years before to 6 years after menopause.
  • A significantly smaller increase was observed in women who increased polyunsaturated fatty acid intake compared to those who reduced it.
  • Minimal cholesterol increase was noted after 6 years post-menopause.

Conclusions:

  • Cessation of ovulation is linked to a substantial 19% rise in serum total cholesterol around menopause.
  • Increasing dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids may reduce this menopausal cholesterol increase.