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Volume-dependent parameters in essential hypertension

G M London, M E Safar, Y A Weiss

    Kidney International
    |March 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Essential hypertension involves a disturbed blood pressure-volume relationship, quantified by deltaTBV. This deltaTBV is linked to impaired renal function and altered renin-angiotensin system activity in hypertensive patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Nephrology
    • Hypertension Research

    Background:

    • Essential hypertension is a complex condition affecting blood pressure regulation.
    • Understanding the interplay between blood pressure, blood volume, and renal function is crucial for managing hypertension.
    • Previous studies suggest alterations in pressure-volume relationships in hypertensive individuals.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantitatively evaluate the pressure-volume relationship disturbance in essential hypertension.
    • To investigate the correlation between this disturbance and renal function, plasma renin activity, and vascular reactivity.
    • To explore the role of total blood volume (TBV) in essential hypertension.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied blood pressure, renal blood flow, total blood volume (TBV), plasma renin activity, and vascular reactivities in normotensive subjects and hypertensive patients.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessed renal function using creatinine clearance.
  • Quantified the pressure-volume disturbance using a proposed metric, deltaTBV.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant negative pressure-volume relationship was observed in normotensive subjects.
    • Hypertensive patients exhibited a disturbed pressure-volume relationship, with some falling outside normal confidence limits.
    • The deltaTBV, representing the pressure-volume disturbance, was positively correlated with blood pressure and negatively correlated with renal blood flow, creatinine clearance, plasma renin activity, and vascular reactivities (P < 0.0001).
    • deltaTBV was not correlated with actual blood volume.

    Conclusions:

    • Essential hypertension is characterized by a quantitatively demonstrated pressure-volume disturbance.
    • This disturbance is significantly correlated with impaired renal function and changes in the renin-angiotensin system.
    • The deltaTBV metric provides a valuable tool for assessing the severity of pressure-volume dysregulation in hypertension.