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Related Experiment Videos

Mechanical properties of artificial teeth

K Shimoyama1, T Uchida, M Nagao

  • 1Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.

The Bulletin of Tokyo Medical and Dental University
|March 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Resin artificial teeth offer superior shock absorption and toughness compared to porcelain, making them ideal for patients needing high impact resistance. Porcelain teeth provide greater masticating efficiency for optimal chewing performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Dental Prosthetics

Background:

  • Selecting artificial teeth for dentures requires considering patient anatomy, physiology, and material properties.
  • Porcelain and resin are common materials for artificial teeth, each with distinct mechanical characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare the mechanical properties of porcelain and resin artificial teeth.
  • To determine the suitability of each material based on specific functional requirements in dental prosthetics.

Main Methods:

  • Static compression tests using an Instron-type universal testing machine to measure fracture load and deformation.
  • Impact tests with a drop impact apparatus to assess shock-absorbing capabilities.
  • Calculation of elastic modulus, ultimate strength, absorbed energy, and deformation for both tooth types.

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Main Results:

  • Resin teeth exhibited a lower elastic modulus and higher fracture toughness than porcelain teeth.
  • Resin teeth demonstrated superior shock-absorbing ability compared to porcelain.
  • Porcelain teeth showed higher ultimate strength, indicating greater resistance to static loads.

Conclusions:

  • Resin teeth are recommended when high shock-absorbing ability is the primary requirement for denture function.
  • Porcelain teeth are preferable when high masticating efficiency and resistance to static forces are paramount.
  • Material selection should be tailored to individual patient needs and functional demands in complete and partial dentures.