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Related Experiment Videos

Phenytoin-induced chronic hepatitis

A K Roy1, H C Mahoney, R A Levine

  • 1Department of Medicine, State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse 13210.

Digestive Diseases and Sciences
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Phenytoin can cause chronic persistent hepatitis, a rare condition. This case highlights the importance of considering drug-induced liver injury in patients with elevated liver enzymes.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Clinical Pharmacology
  • Drug-Induced Liver Injury

Background:

  • Phenytoin is commonly used for seizure disorders.
  • Phenytoin is known to cause acute liver injury.
  • Chronic liver enzyme abnormalities are typically attributed to enzyme induction.

Observation:

  • A 52-year-old woman presented with asymptomatic elevated serum aminotransferases after 11 years of phenytoin sodium use.
  • Hepatitis A, B, and C viral assays were negative.
  • Liver biopsy revealed chronic persistent hepatitis.

Findings:

  • This case documents phenytoin-induced chronic persistent hepatitis.
  • Histology confirmed the diagnosis.
  • Drug withdrawal and rechallenge validated the etiology.

Implications:

  • Phenytoin-induced chronic persistent hepatitis is an uncommon but significant diagnosis.
  • It should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained chronic liver enzyme abnormalities.
  • Recognition is crucial for appropriate patient management and avoiding unnecessary investigations.

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