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Related Experiment Videos

Clinical furcation diagnoses and interradicular bone defects

U Zappa1, L Grosso, C Simona

  • 1School of Dental Medicine, Department of Periodontology, University of Berne, Switzerland.

Journal of Periodontology
|March 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Clinical furcation depth assessments often overestimate actual bone loss, particularly with advanced periodontitis. This study found that standard diagnostic indices have limited validity in accurately detecting severe furcation involvement.

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Area of Science:

  • Periodontology
  • Dental Diagnostics
  • Oral Surgery

Background:

  • Furcation involvement is a key indicator of periodontal disease progression in molars.
  • Accurate assessment of furcation defects is crucial for treatment planning and prognosis.
  • Existing clinical indices for furcation assessment may not precisely reflect underlying bony defect depth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare clinical assessments of furcation involvement depth with actual surgical measurements of bony defects.
  • To evaluate the validity of the Ramfjord and Hamp indices in diagnosing furcation involvement in periodontitis patients.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical evaluation of furcation involvement using Ramfjord and Hamp indices with Nabers probes in 12 periodontitis patients.
  • Surgical exposure of molars to measure bony furcation defect depth via probing and impressions.

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  • Comparison of clinical diagnoses with surgical measurements.

    • Main Results:

    • Clinical furcation diagnoses were frequently overestimations of actual bony defect depth.
    • The Ramfjord index overestimated degree 2 (40%) and degree 3 (43%) involvements.
    • The Hamp index overestimated degree 1 (7%) and degree 2 (24%) involvements.
    • Significant percentages of deep surgical furcation involvements (degree 3) were missed by both indices (43% Ramfjord, 27% Hamp).

    Conclusions:

    • Clinical furcation diagnosis demonstrates limited validity in accurately reflecting the true depth of bony defects.
    • Both the Ramfjord and Hamp indices may underestimate the severity of furcation involvement, particularly in advanced cases.
    • Improved diagnostic methods are needed for precise assessment of furcation defects in periodontitis.