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Taurodontism in premolars

R Llamas¹, A Jimenez-Planas

¹Dental School, Seville, Spain.

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Oral Pathology

|April 1, 1993

Summary

Taurodontism, a rare dental anomaly, was identified in three upper premolars. This finding suggests a potential genetic link and an embryologic origin for taurodontism in premolars.

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Area of Science:

Dentistry
Oral Pathology
Human Genetics

Background:

Taurodontism is a developmental anomaly characterized by the enlargement of the pulp chamber and apical displacement of the pulpal floor.
While commonly observed in molars, taurodontism in premolars is infrequent, prompting further investigation into its etiology and prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of taurodontism in premolars.
To explore the potential genetic and embryologic factors contributing to taurodontism in premolars.

Main Methods:

Anatomical and radiographic analysis of three extracted upper premolars exhibiting taurodontism.
Comprehensive review of existing literature on taurodontism, focusing on premolar involvement.
Examination of cases within a restricted population nucleus in Seville, Spain.

Main Results:

Three cases of taurodontism were identified in 379 extracted upper premolars.
The incidence of taurodontism in premolars appears to be low, suggesting a possible genetic predisposition.
Diagnostic criteria by Shifman and Chanannel were found to be objective.

Conclusions:

The findings support a genetic basis for taurodontism in premolars.
An embryologic origin, possibly due to delayed apical epithelial diaphragm evagination or epitheliomesenchymatose induction interference, is proposed.

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