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Related Experiment Videos

Autoimmunity in depression: increased antiphospholipid autoantibodies

M Maes1, H Meltzer, J Jacobs

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio 44106.

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
|March 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Depressed individuals show higher levels of antiphospholipid antibodies, specifically antiphosphatidylserine (APSA) and antipartial thromboplastin (APTA). While many depressed patients exhibit positivity for these antibodies, their overall titers remain within normal ranges compared to autoimmune disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Emerging research suggests a link between autoantibodies and depression.
  • Antiphospholipid antibodies are implicated in various autoimmune conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate elevated antiphospholipid antibody titers in depressed patients compared to healthy controls.
  • To assess the prevalence and significance of antiphosphatidylserine (APSA), antipartial thromboplastin (APTA), and anticardiolipin (ACA) antibodies in different subtypes of depression.

Main Methods:

  • Measured binding index (BI) of APSA, APTA, and ACA in 22 minor, 23 simple major, and 20 melancholic depressives.
  • Included 10 healthy controls and 104 normal controls with negative autoantibody sera.
  • Defined positivity based on BI exceeding 2 or 5 standard deviations above the mean of normal controls.

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Main Results:

  • Depressed subjects demonstrated significantly higher APSA and APTA antibody titers than normal controls.
  • Approximately 54% of depressed subjects showed APSA and APTA positivity (BI ≥ 2 SD above normal mean).
  • Melancholic depressives showed significant discrimination in ACA, APSA, and APTA levels compared to healthy controls, though titers were generally within normal ranges using a stricter positivity threshold (BI ≥ 5 SD).

Conclusions:

  • Depression is associated with increased expression of antiphospholipid antibodies.
  • The incidence of antiphospholipid antibody positivity in depressed patients is lower than in classical autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus.