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Matrix effects in blood gas proficiency testing

R W Burnett1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hartford Hospital, Conn. 06115.

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Current blood gas proficiency testing materials cause errors due to matrix effects. Better surrogates are needed to ensure accurate blood gas testing results and fair proficiency assessments.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Laboratory Medicine

Background:

  • Proficiency testing (PT) is crucial for ensuring laboratory accuracy.
  • Current PT materials for blood gas analysis differ significantly from whole blood.
  • These differences introduce matrix effects, a potential source of error.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of matrix effects in blood gas proficiency testing.
  • To compare aqueous and fluorocarbon matrices for PO2 and PCO2 testing.
  • To highlight limitations of current PT materials and suggest improvements.

Main Methods:

  • Review of data from College of American Pathologists (CAP) surveys.
  • Comparison of PO2 and PCO2 testing performance using different matrices.

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  • Analysis of error sources unique to PT samples, including temperature and packaging.

    • Main Results:

    • Aqueous and fluorocarbon matrices exhibit distinct performance characteristics in PO2 and PCO2 testing.
    • Matrix effects are identified as significant contributors to proficiency testing errors.
    • Sample temperature and packaging further introduce unique errors in PT.

    Conclusions:

    • Existing materials for blood gas PT introduce unfair penalties and inaccuracies.
    • There is a critical need for improved PT materials, ideally whole blood or a superior surrogate.
    • Current PT practices may compromise the reliability of blood gas testing results.