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Naturally occurring selenosis in Wyoming
M F Raisbeck1, E R Dahl, D A Sanchez
1Department of Veterinary Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82070.
Summary
Wyoming veterinary records found no selenium poisoning cases for decades. A targeted search later confirmed four equine cases, primarily showing hoof and hair damage, not neurological signs.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pathology
- Toxicology
- Animal Science
Background:
- Historical reports suggested widespread selenium toxicity in Wyoming livestock, causing significant animal deaths.
- Wyoming State Veterinary Laboratory records from 1947-1987 showed no confirmed cases of naturally occurring selenosis.
- This discrepancy prompted a proactive investigation into selenium-related animal health issues.
Observation:
- Veterinarians and producers were surveyed via livestock publications starting in August 1988 for suspected selenosis or selenium deficiency.
- The investigation aimed to reconcile historical claims with contemporary veterinary findings.
- Data collection continued until August 1991.
Findings:
- Four cases of naturally occurring selenosis in horses were confirmed between August 1988 and August 1991.
- Clinical signs predominantly involved epithelial damage, specifically hoof lesions and alopecia (loss of mane and tail).
- No neurological signs were observed in the confirmed cases.
Implications:
- Confirms that naturally occurring selenosis, while rare, can occur in Wyoming horses.
- Highlights the importance of targeted surveillance for accurate diagnosis of selenium toxicosis.
- Identifies native range forage and grass hay as potential sources of toxic selenium levels.