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Related Experiment Videos

Expectancy challenge and drinking reduction: experimental evidence for a mediational process

J Darkes1, M S Goldman

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa 33620-8200.

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
|April 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Challenging alcohol expectancies experimentally reduced drinking in male college students. This supports a causal link between expectancies and alcohol consumption, informing prevention strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Correlational studies suggest alcohol expectancies causally influence drinking behavior.
  • A definitive experimental test was needed to confirm this mediational role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally test the causal role of alcohol expectancies in drinking behavior.
  • To compare the effects of an expectancy challenge versus traditional information on drinking.

Main Methods:

  • Male college students with moderate to heavy drinking patterns were randomly assigned to an expectancy challenge, traditional information, or control group.
  • A pre-post design was used to measure drinking levels and expectancies.

Main Results:

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  • The expectancy challenge group showed significant reductions in drinking compared to the other groups.
  • Decreases in measured alcohol expectancies correlated with drinking reductions in the challenge group.
  • Increased alcohol knowledge from the traditional program did not lead to decreased drinking.

    • Conclusions:

    • Experimental evidence supports a causal, mediational role for alcohol expectancies in drinking behavior.
    • Findings have implications for cognitive models of expectancies and for interventions targeting problem drinking and alcoholism.