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Chloramphenicol resistant typhoid fever

H J de Silva1, R Wijewickrema, V Thevanesam

  • 1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.

The Ceylon Medical Journal
|March 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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A patient in Sri Lanka developed typhoid fever from a chloramphenicol-resistant Salmonella typhi strain. This marks the first documented instance of such resistance in the country, impacting treatment options.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Typhoid fever remains a significant global health concern, primarily caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (Salmonella typhi).
  • Chloramphenicol has historically been a first-line treatment for typhoid fever, though resistance is an emerging issue worldwide.

Observation:

  • This report details a case of typhoid fever in a patient presenting with a strain of Salmonella typhi exhibiting resistance to chloramphenicol.
  • The patient's clinical presentation and the microbiological characteristics of the causative agent were documented.

Findings:

  • The isolated Salmonella typhi strain demonstrated resistance to chloramphenicol, a critical antibiotic for typhoid treatment.
  • This case represents the first documented occurrence of chloramphenicol-resistant Salmonella typhi within Sri Lanka.

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Implications:

  • The emergence of chloramphenicol resistance in Salmonella typhi poses a significant challenge to the effective management of typhoid fever in Sri Lanka.
  • This finding necessitates a review of current treatment guidelines and emphasizes the need for enhanced surveillance of antimicrobial resistance patterns.
  • Further research into alternative treatment strategies and the epidemiology of resistant strains is crucial for public health interventions.