A system for three-dimensional shape measurement and its application in microtia ear reconstruction

Microtia is one form of ear anomalies representing the defect of a partial or total loss of external ear. This paper describes new method of total auricular reconstruction which combines the use of tissue expander and the non-contact, 3-dimensional (3-D) shape measurement system. The anterolateral and posterior surface of the both sides of the ear of the patients were measured with the 3-D shape measurement system. The data from normal side was mirror-imaged electronically and transferred to the computer-controlled milling machine to create the life-sized, mirror-image wax model. These models were sterilized and used as a template or an aid during assembling procedure of the autologous cartilage framework in order to reproduce the 3-D configuration of the wax model. Seven cases were treated with this method and 5 cases (72%) were graded as excellent (superior to that result obtainable from conventional methodology), one each (14%) was good (better result) and fair (the same level). There are no poor evaluations. In two cases, the exposure of the expander, one of the major complications, developed. Although additional surgery was needed, excellent and fair result was obtained in these cases. It was concluded that the method presented here was evaluated as an overall good method and its application should be further extended.