Complications and unsatisfactory results in the microsurgical reconstruction of lower extremities

Complications and unsatisfactory results in the microsurgical reconstruction of lower extremities were reviewed in a chronological sequence. Perioperative complications were grouped into the following categories: improper patient or donor tissue selection, unsatisfactory choice of recipient site vessels, inadequate exposure of recipient site vessels, improper "insetting" of the free tissue transfer, extralumenal obstruction, and miscellaneous adverse factors. Vascular changes in the limb as a result of free tissue transfer are discussed. Discussion of late postoperative problems includes the long-term results of soft tissue and skeletal reconstruction.